What factor is NOT included when determining pricing according to market factors?

When determining pricing according to market factors, advertising strategies are not typically included in the core elements that directly influence market pricing. The other factors—cost and expenses, consumer perceptions, and supply and demand—are fundamental to establishing a pricing strategy.

Cost and expenses are crucial as they outline the minimum price needed to ensure profitability. Consumer perceptions impact how much consumers are willing to pay, which plays a significant role in setting price levels. Supply and demand are foundational economic principles that directly affect market prices; if demand exceeds supply, prices tend to rise, and vice versa.

In contrast, while advertising strategies can influence consumer awareness and perceptions, they do not directly factor into the intrinsic market pricing determinants. Their role is more about creating a favorable environment for a product's perceived value rather than determining the pricing baseline from a market perspective.